Annotation

The paper assesses the gene pool of cultivars and lines, as well as the samples of soft winter wheat from various environmental and genetic origins of the world collection of Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry and I. G. Kalinenko All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of Grain Crops (VNIIZK) for resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew in conjunction with frost hardiness and productivity for recommendations and use in breeding programs. Experimentation corresponded to the generally accepted methods of N. P. Konstantinov, A. G. Wolf, B. A. Dospehov, V. Y. Yuryev, E. E. Geshle, S. I. Regina-Troynina. The study identified the top 15 winter wheat accessions for resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew. This is a number of Russian samples: Tanais, Zernogradka 10, Donskoy prostor, Zarnitsa, Donskoy mayak (VNIIZK), Lavina (Vladimir Research Institute of Agriculture), Volgogradskaya 23 (Low Volga Research Institute of Agriculture) and accession from Turkey: SANZAR. And two from above mentioned accessions (Lavina and Volgogradskaya 23) are almost not affected by these diseases, have a high content of crude protein and gluten in grain. It was established the higher survivability of these accessions by 23.1 % compared with the rest breeding material. The results can be widely used to create high-productive varieties of winter wheat with a range of other valuable features and properties in order to increase productivity and stabilize grain production of winter wheat in the Rostov region.