Annotation

Purpose: to reveal the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers (MF) on the growth, development and productivity of soybeans on meadow-chernozem soils of Rostov region. 

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on meadow-chernozem soils of Oktyabrsky district Rostov region in 2019–2020. Observations of the effect of different doses of MF on the growth, development of plants, yield records, statistical processing of the results were carried out according to generally accepted methods of conducting field experiments. 

Results. It was found that, on average for 2 years, the greatest plant growth was observed in the variant with the calculated MF dose for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. The height of plants in this variant in the branching phase averaged 24.8 cm for 2 years, in the flowering phase – 54.7 cm, and in the phase of bean filling – 117.6 cm. This is, respectively, 23, 21 and 13 % higher than the control. The largest increases in leaf surface area in this variant were revealed: on average for 2 years, they amounted to 13% in the phases of branching and filling of beans and 18 % in the flowering phase. At the same time, in the variant with the MF dose for the yield of 4.0 t/ha, the increments to the control were respectively equal to 9, 16, 13 %, and in the variant with the MF for the yield of 3.5 t/ha – 6, 12, 8 %, respectively. Similar changes were revealed in the accumulation of dry aboveground biomass. 

Conclusions. The greatest impact on the height of soybean plants was exerted by the application of MF with a dose calculated for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. On average, for 2 years, the height of plants in this variant was 117.6 cm in the phase of filling the beans, which is 13 % higher than in the variant without fertilizers. The same tendency can be traced when determining the leaf surface area and accumulation of dry biomass according to the options in the observation phases. Thus, the best conditions for the yield formation were formed in the variant with the calculated dose for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. As a result, on average for 2 years, the soybean yield in this variant is 109 % higher than the control. 

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2021-11-3-206-220

For quoting

Yurkova R. Ye., Dokuchayeva L. M. Impact of mineral fertilizers on soybean growth, development and productivity on meadow-chernozem soils of Rostov region // Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering [Electronic resource]. 2021. Vol. 11, no 3. P. 206–220. URL: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/article?n=1223 (date of access: 18.08.2021). doi:10.31774/2712-9357-2021-11-3-206-220

Bibliography

1. Ermatova D.E., Rakhimova Kh.M., Ibragimova S.U., 2018. Rost i razvitie soi pri sovmestnom vnesenii azotnykh udobreniy s inokulyatsiey [Growth and development of soybeans with the combined application of nitrogen fertilizers with inoculation]. Molodoy ucheny [Young Scientist], no. 17(203), pp. 148-150. (In Russian).

2. Sopina E.V., Zubkova E.N., Litvinova M.Yu., 2016. Vliyanie mineral'nykh i organicheskikh udobreniy na svoystva chernozema i urozhaynost' soi [Influence of mineral and organic fertilizers on the properties of chernozem and the soybean yield]. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii [Modern Scientific Research and Innovations], no. 11(67), pp. 292-294, available: https:web.snauka.ru/issues/2016/11/74492 [accessed 10.03.2021]. (In Russian).

3. Sinegovskaya V.T., Naumchenko E.T., 2019. Zavisimost' urozhaynosti soi ot ekologo-agrokhimicheskikh faktorov [Dependence of soybean yield on ecological and agrochemical factors]. Rossiyskaya sel'skokhozyaystvennaya nauka [Russian Agricultural Science], no. 3, pp. 16-18, available: http:journals.eco-vector.com/2500-2627/article/view/14286 [accessed 25.03.2021], https:doi.org/10.31857/S2500-26272019316-18. (In Russian).

4. Balakay G.T., Selitskiy S.A., 2015. Tekhnologiya vozdelyvaniya soi v Rostovskoy oblasti [Soybean cultivation technology in Rostov region]. Puti povysheniya effektivnosty oroshaemogo zemledeliya [Ways of Increasing the Efficiency of Irrigated Agriculture], no. 3(59), pp. 212-216. (In Russian).

5. Panday S., Choudhary М., Singh S., Meena V.S., Mahanta D., Yadav R.P., Pattanayak A., Bisht J.K., 2018. Increasing farmer’s income and water use efficiency as affected by long-term fertilization under a rainfed and supplementary irrigation in a soybean-wheat cropping system of Indian mid-Himalaya. Journal Field Crops Research, vol. 219, pp. 214-221, available: https:www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378429017311310 [accessed 24.03.2021], https:doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.004.

6. Fedotov V.A. [et al.], 2013. Soya v Rossii: monografiya [Soybeans in Russia: monograph]. Moscow, Russian Agroliga Publ., 429 p. (In Russian).

7. Sheudzhen A.Kh., Onishchenko L.M., Loktionov M.Yu., 2013. Agroekologicheskaya effektivnost' fosfogipsa na posevakh kukuruzy i soi v usloviyakh Severo-Zapadnogo Kavkaza na chernozeme vyshchelochennom [Agroecological efficiency of phosphogypsum on corn and soybeans in the North-West Caucasus on leached chernozem]. Plodorodie [Fertility], no. 1(70), pp. 16-20. (In Russian).

8. Borodychev V.V., 2015. Osobennosti primeneniya mineral'nykh udobreniy soi pri oroshenii v usloviyakh Nizhnego Povolzh'ya [Application features of mineral fertilizers at the cultivation of soybean under irrigation in the Lower Volga region]. Plodorodie [Fertility], no. 1(82), pp. 33-35. (In Russian).

9. Isupova Yu.A., 2013. [Mineral fertilizers on soybean crops]. Nauchnyy zhurnal KubGAU: politematicheskiy setevoy elektronnyy zhurnal, no. 92(08), pp. 1-10, available: http:ej.kubagro.ru/2013/08/pdf/92.pdf [accessed 23.03.2021]. (In Russian).

10. Murav’yov A.A., Demidova A.G., 2018. Urozhay i kachestvo semyan sortov soi v lesostepi TSCHR na raznoudobrennykh fonakh [Yield and grain quality of soybean varieties in the forest-steppe of the central chernozem region against backgrounds with different fertilization]. Zemledelie [Agriculture], no. 3, pp. 22-25. (In Russian).

11. Balakay G.T., Dokuchaeva L.M., Yurkova R.Ye., Selitskiy S.A., 2019. [Ways of improving the elements of soybean cultivation technology]. Nauchnyy Zhurnal Rossiyskogo NII Problem Melioratsii, no. 4(36), pp. 100-120, available: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/archive?n=630&id=638 [accessed 23.03.2021], DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2019-4-100-120. (In Russian).

12. Babichev A.N., Babenko A.A., 2021. [Peculiarities of mineral nutrition of agricultural crops]. Nauchnyy Zhurnal Rossiyskogo NII Problem Melioratsii, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 192-210, available: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=1186 [accessed 20.03.2021], DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-1-192-210. (In Russian).

13. Ruseeva Z.M. [et al.], 1972. Agroklimaticheskie resursy Rostovskoy oblasti [Agroclimatic Resources of Rostov Region]. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 252 p. (In Russian).

14. Balakay G.T., Selitskiy S.A., 2021. [Assessment of agrobiological properties of soybean varieties for irrigated lands of Rostov region]. Nauchnyy Zhurnal Rossiyskogo NII Problem Melioratsii, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 47-66, available: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/article?n=

1177 [accessed 20.03.2021], DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-1-47-66. (In Russian).

15. Dospekhov B.A., 2012. Metodika polevogo opyta (s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezul'tatov issledovaniy) [Method of Field Experiment (with the basics of statistical processing of research results)]. Moscow, Book on Demand Publ., 352 p. (In Russian).

16. Goryansky M.M., 1970. Metodika polevykh opytov na oroshaemykh zemlyakh [Methodology of Field Experiments on Irrigated Lands]. Kiev, Harvest Publ., 84 p. (In Russian).

17. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po provedeniyu kompleksnogo monitoringa plodorodiya pochv zemel' sel'skokhozyaystvennogo naznacheniya [Methodological Guidelines for Comprehensive Monitoring of Soil Fertility of Agricultural Lands]. Moscow, Rosinformagrotech Publ., 2003, 240 p. (In Russian).

18. Moiseychenko V.F. [et al.], 1996. Osnovy nauchnykh issledovaniy v agronomii [Fundamentals of Scientific Research in Agronomy]. Moscow, Kolos Publ., 336 p. (In Russian).

19. Sinegovskaya V.T., Naumchenko E.T., Kobozeva T.P., 2016. Metody issledovaniy v polevykh opytakh s soey: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie [Research Methods in Field Experiments with Soy: textbook]. Blagoveshchensk, ODEON Publ., 115 p. (In Russian).

20. Shchedrin V.N., Balakay G.T., Dokuchaeva L.M., Yurkova R.E., Shalashova O.Yu., Tabala G.I., 2017. Rukovodstvo po kontrolyu i regulirovaniyu pochvennogo plodorodiya oroshaemykh zemel' [Guidelines for Irrigated Lands Soil Fertility Control and Regulation]. Novocherkassk, RosNIIPM, 137 p. (In Russian).