The dynamics of parameters of the reclamation state of irrigated lands of the Republic of Crimea was studied by the authors. The features of soil cover of the Crimean peninsula are given. The causes of natural salinization and resalinization of soils and changes in the irrigation water quality are indicated. After the water closure of the North-Crimean Canal, the groundwater level in the irrigated areas reduced by 0.1–0.4 m per year. The water level at the foothill zone of the Crimea remains more stable, changing under the influence of natural factors. As on the end of the irrigation period of 2017, the irrigated land area with a groundwater depth below 2 m was 2421 hectares. According to monitoring results, the territory of irrigated lands with an area of 401.5 thousand hectares is characterized by a good (180.7 thousand ha, or 45.0 %) and satisfactory (187.4 thousand ha, 46.7 %) reclamation state. Unsatisfactory land reclamation state is observed in some areas with a total area of 33.4 thousand hectares (8.3 % of irrigated land). In the post-irrigation period, the reclamation state of irrigated lands in the Crimea tends to improve due to the lowering of the groundwater table. At the same time, chemical, agrotechnical and other types of land reclamation are necessary for the sustainable improvement of soil condition in areas with a high degree of salinization and alkanization.
Key words: Crimean peninsula, irrigated lands, water availability, reclamation condition, monitoring, groundwater level, salinization, alkanization, mineralization, drainage, chemical reclamation, phosphogypsum.
DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2018-3-86-99
For citas:
V. I. Lyashevskiy, M. V. Verdysh Reclamation Characteristics of Irrigated Lands of Crimea. Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems. 2018. No 3. P. 86-99 DOI:https://doi.org/10.31774/2222-1816-2018-3-86-99
