ASSIMILATION APPARATUS FORMATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS PRODUCTIVITY OF SAREPTA MUSTARD DEPENDING ON THE SOWING RATE

Authors:Gushchina Vera A., Prokhorova Yulia A.

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Theme: General Agriculture, Crop Science
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Purpose: to evaluate the photosynthetic activity of Sarepta mustard varieties at different sowing rates contributing to the formation of maximum seed yield.

Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in 2022–2024 at the collection plot of Penza State Agrarian University. Sowing, observations, records and data analysis were carried out according to the methods of state variety testing of agricultural crops and the methods of field and agrotechnical experiments with oilseeds.

Results. The minimum area of photosynthetic surface on average over three years was observed in the leaf rosette phase – 10.52 thousand sq. m/ha. During the budding phase, an increase in the area of the leaf apparatus by 10.5–17.9 thousand sq. m/ha was noted. The period of greatest development of the aboveground mass was noted in the blooming phase, when the leaf area was more than 37 thousand sq. m/ha. The highest value of total photosynthetic potential was obtained for the Gorlinka variety – 951.45 thousand sq. m · day/ha. The second is the Valenta variety with a total value of 923.32 thousand sq. m · day/ha. As the sowing rate increased from 1.0 to 3.0 million, the net productivity of photosynthetic decrease, and in the leaf rosette phase the indicator decreased from 3.03 to 2.67 g/(sq. m · day), in the budding phase – from 4.26 to 3.63 g/(sq. m · day), in the blooming phase – from 2.15 to 1.57 g/(sq. m · day) and in the green pod phase – from 0.76 to 0.53 g/(sq. m · day).

Conclusions. The increase in leaf area due to the sowing rates of the varieties did not always promote photosynthesis, which accumulates and stores energy, leading to an increase in biomass, which is a structural and energy resource necessary for plant growth and development. The highest seed yields (up to 2.00 t/ha) were achieved by the Pervotarovskaya and Valenta varieties with sowing rates of 2.0 and 2.5 million viable seeds per hectare.

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-2-259-275

Keywords

assimilation surface development dynamics of Sarepta mustard, photosynthetic potential, net photosynthetic productivity, developmental stages

For quoting

Gushchina V. A., Prokhorova Yu. A. Assimilation apparatus formation and photosynthesis productivity of Sarepta mustard depending on the sowing rate. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2026;16(2):259–275. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-2-259-275.

Authors

V. A. Gushchina – Head of the Department of Plant Growing and Forestry, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Penza State Agrarian University (440014, Penza region, Penza, Botanicheskaya st., 30), guschina.v.a@pgau.ru;

Yu. A. Prokhorova – Lecturer at the Department of Accounting, Analysis and Auditing, Penza State Agrarian University (440014, Penza region, Penza, Botanicheskaya st., 30), prohorova.y.a@pgau.ru.

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