Purpose: to determine the impact of the irrigation regime and the level of mineral nutrition on the phenology, biometric and photosynthetic indicators, and yield of Kamyshinsky 23 spring barley variety under arid conditions in the Astrakhan Trans-Volga region.
Materials and methods. A two-factor field experiment was carried out from 2018 to 2020 in Kharabalinsky district. Factor A (differentiated irrigation regime) included three options: maintaining pre-irrigation soil moisture at least 60-70-60 % of the lowest moisture capacity during the periods of sowing – tillering, tillering – ear-formation, grain filling – wax ripeness, at least 65-75-65 %, at least 70-80-70 %, respectively. Factor B – mineral nutrition level, included the following options: background application, N₃₀P₄₅K₄₀ + N₂₀, N₄₀P₅₅K₅₀ + N₃₀, N₅₀P₆₅K₆₀ + N₄₀. The data were processed using the methods of variance and correlation analysis, Lagrange interpolation.
Results. The studies have shown that the duration of interphase periods decreases with improving moisture supply conditions in combination with mineral nutrition, but only up to a certain limit. The optimal irrigation regime (70-80-70 % of the lowest moisture capacity) in combination with the N₄₀P₅₅K₅₀ + N₃₀ dose ensured the maximum yield of 4.7 t/ha, leaf area index LAI of 3.7 sq. m/sq. m and net photosynthetic productivity of 7.0 g/(sq. m · day). A further increase in the level of mineral nutrition led to a decrease in productivity. A direct positive relationship was found between soil moisture and the optimal fertilizer application rate (factor synergism). The theoretical maximum yield, based on Lagrange interpolation, was 4.76 t/ha; however, an economic analysis showed that achieving this yield was impractical due to the low income increase.
Conclusions. For the conditions of the Astrakhan Trans-Volga region, spring barley is recommended to be grown with an irrigation regime of 70-80-70 % of the lowest moisture capacity and the application of mineral fertilizers at a rate of N₄₀P₅₅K₅₀ + N₃₀.
doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-2-240-258
spring barley, irrigation, mineral nutrition, yield, photosynthesis, Astrakhan region
Aitpayeva A. A., Tyutyuma N. V. Spring barley productivity depending on irrigation regime and mineral nutrition levels under arid conditions of Astrakhan region. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2026;16(2):240–258. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-2-240-258.
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Funding: the work was carried out as part of independent (contract-based) research project at the Precaspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
