Annotation

Purpose: to develop scientific approaches and propose a method of compensating for the recurrent frost intensity during the agricultural crop cultivation on irrigated lands. 

Materials and methods. The working research hypothesis is the assumption on possibility to use temperature-controlled irrigation water to create heat reserves in the soil sufficient to compensate for recurrent frosts. The research methodology is based on modeling heat flows under the constraints when the flux gradient is directed from the soil to the atmosphere, and solar radiation is not taken into account. This allows perform calculations for conditions corresponding to the realization of the risk of recurrent frosts during the period of peak intensity. 

Results. It was found that even intense frosts can be compensated for by creating conditions for active moisture evaporation from the soil surface and forming the necessary reserve of soil heat. A temperature gradient of 4.0 °C between the surface of moistened soil and the sowing environment ensures the heat flow formation sufficient to compensate for frosts to minus 8 °C. An important mechanism for compensating for the intensity of recurrent frosts is the heat input resulting from the condensation of moisture evaporated from the soil. The heat flow generated by the energy transferred by moisture evaporating from the soil surface at a temperature gradient of 4.0 °C reaches 3.8 kJ/m² min. Combined with the convective heat exchange mechanism, the transfer of thermal energy from the soil to the surface air reaches 5.3 kJ/m² min. Moreover, to ensure the maintenance of positive temperatures in the plant environment at frost intensities down to minus 8 °C, the maximum heat flow should be approximately 5.0 kJ/m² min. 

Conclusions. Models of heat transfer processes in the “soil – atmosphere” system allow calculate the gradient of soil temperature and surface air, required for heat flow generation that compensates for the harmful effects of frost on plants.

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-144-159

For quoting

Lytov M. N. Theoretical justification of a compensation technique for recurrent frosts on reclaimed lands. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2025;15(4):144–159. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-144-159.

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