ADAPTATION OF COTTON VARIETIES TO IRRIGATED AND RAINFED LANDS IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

Authors:Masnyi Roman S., Yurkova Rita Ye., Selitskiy Sergey A., Khodzhaeva Nina A., Prokhorova Ivanna V., Nedotsukova Julia I.

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Theme: Land reclamation, water manadgement and agrophysics
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Annotation

Purpose: adaptation of early-ripening cotton varieties to irrigated and rainfed lands in the south of Russia.

Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in 2022–2023. The objects of the studies were the medium-fiber cotton varieties Phoenix and Favorit. Biometric and phenological observations and yield records were carried out. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out according to the methodology of B. A. Dospekhov.

Results. When cultivating cotton under irrigated conditions, the best biometric and economically valuable indicators were obtained in a medium-dry year in the Phoenix variety during the ripening phase: plant height – 105.4 cm, dry biomass – 7.38 t/ha, raw cotton weight of one boll – 5.45 g, fiber yield – 38.9 %. Research on the cultivation of cotton under rainfed conditions in the Stavropol Territory has shown that the highest height (61 cm) and the number of bolls (7.4 pcs.) were obtained in 2022 in the Phoenix variety. The Favorit variety should be singled out for its economically valuable traits.

Conclusions. In Rostov region, when cultivating the Phoenix and Favorit cotton varieties under irrigation, the highest raw cotton yields were obtained in the moderately dry year of 2023 – 16.70 and 13.35 q/ha, respectively, against 8.20 and 4.70 q/ha in the very dry year of 2022. Research in the Stavropol Territory without irrigation showed that the maximum yield was obtained in 2023 when cultivating the Favorit variety – 19.5 q/ha. The Phoenix variety showed the yield lower by 2.2 q/ha in 2022 and in 2023 lower by 1.9 q/ha than the Favorit variety.

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2024-14-3-1-17

Keywords

cotton, variety, development phase, irrigation, dry biomass, leaf surface area, yield

For quoting

Masnyi R. S., Yurkova R. Ye., Selitsky S. A., Khodzhaeva N. A., Prokhorova I. V., Nedotsukova Ju. I. Adaptation of cotton varieties to irrigated and rainfed lands in the south of Russia. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2024;14(3):1–17. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2024-14-3-1-17.

Authors

R. S. Masnyi – Leading Researcher, Candidate of Military Sciences, Russian Scientific Re-search Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, rosniipm@yandex.ru, AuthorID: 1102932, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0254-738X;

R. Ye. Yurkova – Leading Researcher, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, rita6161@list.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8275-5834;

S. A. Selitsky – Senior Researcher, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, ssilja@yandex.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4771-4516;

N. A. Khodzhaeva – Senior Researcher, Prikumskaya Experimental Breeding Station – North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Budennovsk, Russian Federation, fgupposs@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2353-1862;

I. V. Prokhorova – Researcher, Prikumskaya Experimental Breeding Station – North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Budennovsk, Russian Federation, i.prohorova@fnac.center, ORCID ID: 0009-0005-3202-5936;

Ju. I. Nedotsukova – Junior Researcher, Postgraduate Student, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, nedotsukova@yandex.ru, AuthorID: 1041428, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8221-949X.

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