Purpose: to find out the degree of adaptation of early-ripening soybean cultivars selected by domestic originating institutions to Rostov region conditions during irrigation.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Oktyabrsky district Rostov region. The object of research is the soybean cultivars Selecta 201, VNIIOZ 31, Olympia and Donchanka. Observations on morphological and biological features of the soybean varieties development under irrigation were made. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods.
Results. The most productive cultivar Selecta 201 with a yield of 4.3 t/ha was selected. The lowest yield was recorded on the cultivar VNIIOZ 31 – 3.6 t/ha, which is lower than the standard Donchanka by 0.2 t/ha. However, this cultivar is the best in terms of protein content, it exceeds the standard by 2.6 %, and the Selecta 201 variety by 5.8 %. Olympia cultivar selected by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Oilseeds showed an average yield of 4.1 t/ha which is 0.3 t/ha higher than the yield of the standard for 3 years of research. A comparative analysis of the main characteristics of soybean cultivars presented by breeders and obtained in the course of research showed a significant increase in soybean yield under irrigation – by 1.6 times on the Selecta 201 cultivar, more than 3.0 times – on the VNIIOZ 31 cultivar, 2.9 times – on the Olympia cultivar and 1.9 times – on the Donchanka cultivar. Qualitative indicators of grain in terms of protein content when testing early-ripening varieties were 1.07–1.16 times higher than the selected ones, except for the Selecta 201 cultivar, there was no significant difference in fat content.
Conclusions. The studied cultivars showed a high degree of adaptation to the agro-climatic conditions of Rostov region by irrigation, and thus proved the feasibility of cultivating early-ripening soybean cultivars of the presented selections.
doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2022-12-3-15-28
soybean, cultivar, selection, irrigation, yield, structure
Yurkova R. Ye., Dokuchayeva L. M. Development features of early ripening soybeans cultivars under irrigation under Rostov region conditions. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2022;12(3):15–28. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2022-12-3-15-28.
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