Purpose: to determine the dynamics of diversification processes of the rural economy in modern conditions and the degree of their compliance with global transformational trends.
Materials and methods: the methodological basis of this study was dialectical, formal-logical, statistical methods. The main methodological approaches to assess the diversification of rural economy, taking into account foreign experience and domestic developments are considered. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, it was concluded that it is advisable to use the methodology of structural shifts and the Herfindahl index in relation to the indicator “structure of rural population employment by nature of business”. A significant limitation in the development of the methodology for assessing the diversification of rural economy is the lack of full-scale comparable regional statistics in the context of rural areas in our country.
Results: the main content of the methodological tools for assessing the level of diversification of rural economy was determined, the analysis of the diversification processes of rural economy of the Russian Federation was carried out on the basis of the author's modification of modern methodological approaches, which, unlike the original versions, were considered in relation to rural areas. Based on the statistical analysis, it is shown that, in general, the transformation processes are coupled with the trends in the development of rural economy of the developed countries of Western Europe.
Conclusions: the proposed modified methodological approach makes it possible to assess objectively the level of diversification of rural economy as sufficiently high. At the same time, the share of agricultural activities in rural economic structure remains the highest, but not dominant. Significant structural changes were noted in the manufacturing sector, construction, financial activities, the active growth is observed in the IT industry, which corresponds to modern trends in the digitalization of all spheres of the economy.
doi: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-2-203-218
diversification of rural economy, rural areas, assessment of economic diversification, territory potential, structural changes
Podgorskaya S. V. Modern trends in diversification of rural economy and its valuation problems // Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems [Electronic resource]. 2021. Vol. 11, no. 2. P. 203–218. URL: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/article?n=1205 (date of access: 19.05.2021). DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-2-203-218.
1. Sheresheva M.Yu., Oborin M.S., Shimuk O.V., 2017. Razrabotka napravleniy diversifikatsii sel'skoy ekonomiki v regionakh Rossii s uchetom potentsiala malykh gorodov [Development of rural economy diversification trends in Russian regions considering small town potential]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Ser. “Ekonomika” – Perm University Herald. Economy, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 632-648, DOI: 10.17072/1994-9960-2017-4-632-648. (In Russian).
2. Adukov R.Kh., Adukova A.N., Yusufov R.A., 2011. Bazovye usloviya razvitiya sel'skikh territoriy [Basic conditions for rural development]. Vestnik Orlovskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Bull. of Oryol State Agrarian University], vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 38-42. (In Russian).
3. Sorokina T.I., 2014. Vybor napravleniy diversifikatsii sel'skoy ekonomiki na osnove otsenki proizvodstvenno-ekonomicheskogo i resursnogo potentsiala territorii [The choice of the directions for diversifying the rural economy based on the assessment of the productive and economic and resource potential of the territory]. Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo [Economy and Entrepreneurship], no. 8-3(85-3), pp. 394-399. (In Russian).
4. Savenkova O.Yu., 2016. Strategiya sotsial'no orientirovannogo razvitiya sel'skikh territoriy. Avtoreferat diss. d-ra ekon. nauk [Strategy of socially oriented development of rural areas. Abstract of dissertation of Doctor of Economics]. Voronezh, 49 p. (In Russian).
5. Antonova N.I. [et al.], 2019. Prostranstvennoe razvitie regionov Rossii: tendentsii i modeli: monografiya [Spatial Development of Regions of Russia: Trends and Models: monograph]. Rostov-on-Don, Mini-Type Publ., 80 p. (In Russian).
6. Herath J., Schaeffer P., Gebremedhin T., 2013. Employment change in LDs of West Virginia: A dynamic spatial shift-share analysis. American Journal of Rural Development, vol. 1, iss. 5, pp. 99-105, DOI: 10.12691/ajrd-1-5-1.
7. Knudsen D.C., 2000. Shift share analysis: further examination of models for the description of economic change. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, vol. 34, iss. 3, pp. 177-198, DOI: 10.1016/S0038-0121(99)00016 6.
8. Lu C., Qiao J.Y., Chang J.L., 2017. Herfindahl-Hirschman Index based performance analysis on the convergence development. Cluster Computing, vol. 20, iss. 1, pp. 121-129, DOI: 10.1007/s10586-017-0737-3.
9. Merenkova I.N., Ukhobotov V.V., 2018. Teoretiko-metodicheskie aspekty diagno-stiki diversifikatsii sel'skikh territoriy [Theoretical and methodological aspects of diagnosing the diversification of rural areas]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Bull. of Voronezh State Agrarian University], no. 1(56), pp. 197-204, DOI: 10.17238/issn2071-2243.2018.1.197. (In Russian).
10. Sharma R.K., 2008. Measuring Economic Diversification in Hawaii. Research and Economic Analysis Division. Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism of Hawaii, 36 p.
11. Salnikov V., 2008. Diversifikatsiya i eksportnaya ekspansiya promyshlennykh kompaniy kak faktor ekonomicheskogo rosta v dolgosrochnoy perspektive [Diversification and Export Expansion of Industrial Companies as a Factor of the Long-term Economic Growth], available: http:www.myshared.ru/slide/109115 [accessed 10.03.2021]. (In Russian).
12. Zakshevsky V.G., Merenkova I.N., Novikova I.I., Kusmagambetova E.S., 2019. Metodicheskiy instrumentariy diagnostiki diversifikatsii sel'skoy ekonomiki [Methodological tools for diagnosing the diversification of the rural economy]. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of the Region], vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 520-533, DOI: 10.17059/2019-2-16. (In Russian).
13. Parakhina V.N., Vorontsova G.V., Momotova O.N., 2012. Metodicheskiy instrumentariy otsenki urovnya regional'noy diversifikatsii i ee realizatsii [Methodical tools for assessing the level of regional diversification and its implementation]. Ekonomika: vchera, segodnya, zavtra [Economy: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow], no. 1-2, pp. 36-50. (In Russian).
14. Kolodina E.A., 2019. Identifikatsiya i tipologiya sel'skikh territoriy v issledovanii ikh sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya [Identification and typology of rural areas in the study of their socio-economic development]. Regional'naya ekonomika i upravlenie: elektron. nauch. zhurnal [Regional Economy and Management: electronic scientific journal], no. 3(59), article number: 5908, available: https:eee-region.ru/article/5908/ [accessed 10.03.2021]. (In Russian).
15. Rural Development in European Union. Statistical and Economic Information. Report 2013, available: http:www.europski-fondovi.eu/sites/default/files/dokumenti/full-text_en.pdf [accessed 10.03.2021].
16. O sostoyanii sel'skikh territoriy v Rossiyskoy Federatsii v 2018 godu. Ezhegodnyy doklad po rezul'tatam monitoringa [On the State of Rural Areas in the Russian Federation in 2018. Annual monitoring report]. Moscow, Rosinformagrotech Publ., 2020, 224 p. (In Russian).
17. Rusanovskiy V.A., Babaytseva I.K., 2014. Teoreticheskie osnovy issledovaniya diversifikatsii ekonomiki i strukturnykh sdvigov na postindustrial'noy stadii razvitiya [Theoretical foundations for economic diversification and structural changes in post-industrial stage of development]. Vestnik Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo universiteta [Bull. of Saratov State Social and Economic University], no. 3(52), pp. 30-35. (In Russian).
