Purpose: scientific and technical basis of the technology of applying mineral fertilizers against the background of precision irrigation during winter wheat cultivation in the south of Russia.
Materials and methods. For assessing the precision irrigation technology efficiency in 2019, a two-factor field experiment was carried out at the fields of Biryuchekutskaya vegetable selection experimental station – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Vegetable Research Center” using the example of winter wheat. The influence of different mineral fertilizers availability at different irrigation technologies on winter wheat productivity was studied.
Results. The following technical characteristics have been determined: yield, total water consumption, irrigation rate and water balance coefficients for the options of the experiment. On the basis of technical characteristics, empirical dependences of winter wheat productivity on the applied fertilizers total doses used by zonal farming systems and with precision irrigation, as well as the empirical dependence of the dynamics of potato productivity on the sum of the mineral fertilizers rate of application and water consumption during precision irrigation, described by the surface equation, were revealed. The specified yield increase due to fertilizers in variants with precision fertilization (A2B3 and A3B3) was 6.2 and 6.7 t/ha (or 94.4 and 124.1 %), which is 1.2 and 1.5 t/ha higher in comparison with the recommended climatic cropping pattern (CCP) (A2B2 and A3B2), respectively. Water consumption of winter wheat in variants without irrigation (A1B1, A1B2, A1B3) ranged from 3371 to 3525 m³/ha, and in variants with the technology recommended by CCP (A2B1, A2B2 and A2B3), varied from 5702 to 6162 m³/ha and varied from 5639 to 6066 m³/ha in variants of the experiment with precision irrigation (A3B1, A3B2 and A3B3).
Conclusions. The analysis of the results of field studies made it possible to conclude that the technology of precision application of mineral fertilizers against the background of precision irrigation has shown high efficiency.
DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2020-3-241-253
precision irrigation; mineral fertilizers; lack of natural moisture; technology; winter wheat; south of Russia.
Winter wheat productivity depending on mineral fertilizers doses at different irrigation technologies under the conditions of the southern Russia / S. M. Vasilyev, V. Ig. Olgarenko, A. N. Babichev, V. A. Monastyrskiy // Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems [Electronic resource]. – 2020. – № 3(39). – P. 241–253. – Mode of access: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/article?n=1149. – DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2020-3-241-253.
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