The purpose of the research was to determine the elements of water balance and irrigation regime of summer planting potatoes and bulb onion under the conditions of the Lower Don floodplain. Field experiments to establish the irrigation regime and water balance, to determine the soil moisture as well as to identify the possibility of improving the elements agricultural land reclamation were carried out. The watering was carried out by central pivot sprinkling machines with rain intensity of 0.49 mm/min, irrigation rate 400 cubic meters per hectare to a depth of 0.6 m for potatoes and 350 cubic meters per hectare to a depth of 0.5 m for bulb onion. Data analysis shows the precipitation availability (Pn) of 32 and 14 % for potatoes and bulb onion, correspondingly. It was determined that the moisture content of the year under review should be characterized as “average”, the amount of precipitation (P) was 103 and 163 mm, the accumulated temperatures were 2066 and 2200 degrees Celsius, G. T. Selyaninova’s hydrothermal coefficient was 0.49 and 0.74 for potatoes and bulb onion, correspondingly. The phases and terms of their occurrence for the considered crops with a total duration of the growing season of 74 and 147 days were determined. Five and eight vegetative irrigations were carried out with the irrigation norm of 400 and 350 cubic meters per hectare, the irrigation rate was 2000 and 2800 cubic meters per hectare for the summer planting potatoes and bulb onion, respectively. The dynamics of moisture reserves of the irrigation fields under consideration was determined, control measurements revealed moisture reserves from 174.4 to 196.6 mm and from 152.5 to 167.4 mm during cultivation of summer planting potatoes and bulb onion, respectively.
Keywords: water balance, irrigation regime, soil moisture dynamics, summer planting potatoes, bulb onion, Lower Don floodplain.
DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2019-2-1-16
Olgarenko, V. Ig. WATER BAL-ANCE AND IRRIGATION RE-GIME FOR VEGETABLE CROPS IN THE LOWER DON FLOODPLAIN / V. Ig. Olgaren-ko, A. N. Babichev, V. A. Monas-tyrskiy // Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Insti-tute of Land Improvement Prob-lems [Electronic resource]. – 2019. – ? 2. – P. 1–16. – Mode of access: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/archive?n=587&id=588. – DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2019-2-1-16.
