The aim of the research is to carry out a comparative analysis of the effect of phosphohypso-containing fertilizer-reclamative compost and iron-aluminium containing fertilizer-reclamative mixture on the properties of ordinary alkali chernozem. The object of the study is ordinary chernozem degraded as a result of brackish water (1.7 g per dm cubic on average) irrigation of sodium sulphate-composition. Soil samples were selected in autumn before reclamation and annually after reclamation means usage in layers 0–20, 20–40 cm on permanent dynamic sites. According to GOSTs, samples were subjected to analysis characterizing soil basic properties. A comparative analysis showed that according to the reclamation effect on the ordinary alkali chernozem properties an option with a fertilizer-reclamative mixture in which alkalinity was eliminated from the first year of aftereffect and did not manifest itself by the sixth year is distinguished. When applying fertilizer-reclamative compost, alkalinity decreased from the first year (60 %) to the fifth year (55 %), and by the sixth year its recovery (–14 %) was observed. Alkalinity was eliminated gradually, but to a greater extend in the variant with the mixture. The content of exchangeable sodium in comparison with the controls in the variant with the mixture decreased by 37 % (the first year of aftereffect) and by 91 % (the sixth year of aftereffect). In the variant with compost – respectively, by 60 and 82 %. The physical state of the reclaimed chernozem in both variants improved almost identically. The total humus content in the variant with compost, which enhances humification processes, increased by 6 % in comparison with the control, and in the variant with the mixture – by 4 %. In the variant with compost, the humus type from the humate-fulvate was transformed into a fulvate-humate type, in the variant with the mixture it continued to remain a humate-fulvate one. The increase of bioproductivity of reclaimed chernozem in comparison with the control for 6 years average in the variant with compost was 44 %, and in the variant with the mixture was 51 %.
Key words: ordinary alkali chernozem, chemical reclamation, fertilizer-reclamative composts, fertilizer-reclamative mixtures, soil properties.
