The aim of the research is to substantiate the theoretical concept of sustainable development of agriculture and to present a scheme for the development of scientific ideas on forest reclamation adaptation of diverse land use to the landscape structure of the natural zones of Russia. The theoretical concept of sustainable development of farming is based on the fulfillment of three conditions: sustainable development of the whole agriculture, adaptive landscape farming systems and adaptive forest reclamation of landscapes. The first condition takes into account the favorable living conditions in rural areas, green agroeconomics and re-establishment of historical and ecological centers of farming and livestock; the second condition includes organic farming, adaptive crop production and the possibilities of alternative farming; the third condition is a single forest reclamation system of cultural landscapes, biologisation of technical meliorative systems and forest reclamation rehabilitation of desertified lands. The gradual adaptation of farming to the landscape structure of natural areas with forest reclamation is schematized in the form of a pyramid, the basis of which is the scientific legacy of V.V. Dokuchaev Expedition and the results of further agro-meliorative research with the substantiation of a plan for nature transformation (1949–1953). The middle tier of this pyramid makes a scientific justification for the systems of protective forest plantations of different regions of Russia, created under this plan and in subsequent years. These forest plantations helped the sustainable development of farming systems at their intensification and contributed to the development of agroforestry science. The upper tier of the pyramid is the theoretical concept of the hierarchy system of protective forest plantations of both agrarian and other natural-anthropogenic landscapes. Such a hierarchical system in the landscape hierarchy of biomes will help not only the sustainable development of farming, but also Russia as a whole.
Key words: sustainable development, forest land reclamation, green economy, adaptive plant growing, organic farming.
