The aim of the research is to improve the design of pond dams and dikes. On the base of statistical analysis of constructive element damages it was established that for efficient functioning of a pond as a water source for irrigation system and protecting pond-forming dams and dikes from dangerous damages and deformations, such as suffusion, scouring, caving, and others, and for efficient operation of local irrigation systems new technical design is required which can increase the efficiency of irrigation systems on local runoff by preventing defects of pond dams and dikes. It is proposed to create anti-filtering devices (screens, cores) of pond dams from compacted layers of small-pervious ground, made slantwise to the horizontal surface (poured out slantwise during the building) directed to the side of downstream (upstream) reach. The constructions of slope protection for pond dams and dikes including the rows of wave absorbing elements which made from alternately arranged within a row semi-oval and wedge-shaped components were improved. At the same time the bases of semi-oval components were directed downwards and the bases of wedge-shaped components upwards so creating together with semi-oval components curve flow-tactile canals. It is recommended symmetrical and asymmetrical layout of semi-oval and wedge-shaped components. These decisions allow minimizing and thoroughly exclude the risk of loss of a pond for regular irrigation of adjacent agricultural lands. The solutions developed increase performance characteristics of earth dams (dikes) and prevent (or minimize) their scour, slump, landslide, and destruction. Thereby, there will be no decreasing of water levels and silting of pond (reservoir) beds, what is facilitated their water-capacity indices and consequently the opportunity for operating ponds as a regular source for irrigation systems.
Keywords: local runoff, pond, pond-forming dams and dikes, anti-filtering screens and cores, fixing of slopes, wave-absorbing elements.
