The aim of the research is to study the evolution and current state of the organizational and legal forms of farm land use in Belarus. The article reviews from the historic point of view the development of the main organizational and legal forms of farm land use and the size of land use at agricultural enterprises. The structure of modern organizational and legal forms of farm management is given; the analysis of production efficiency of some farm businesses has been done. Depending on the form of ownership on means of production the organizational and legal forms of farm land use are subdivided on republican agricultural unitary enterprises, agricultural production cooperatives, farm partnerships and farm societies, joint stock companies, private farms and households, communal gardens. It was found out that open joint stock companies have the largest average total area and the area of farm lands – 5250 and 4455 ha, and the smallest – farm partnerships – 2827 and 2376 ha correspondingly. The best quality of lands is registered at joint stock companies – fertility rate of farm and plow lands is 30.1 and 32.4. Less fertile lands belong to private unitary enterprises – the fertility rate of their farm and arable lands is correspondingly 24.8 and 27.1.The most effective farm land use is found at republican agricultural unitary enterprises and at joint stock companies, and less efficient at farm partnerships and communal unitary agricultural enterprises. Fixed assets are more effectively used by private unitary enterprises, and less effectively by farm partnerships.
Keywords: organizational and legal form, agricultural lands, enterprise, efficiency, legal act, land use.
