The objective of the research is to study the influence of nutrition background on the growth, development and yield of early potato in the South of Kyrgyzstan. The study was conducted at the experimental site of Osh Technological University in the village Kyrgyz-Ata in district Nookat, Osh region of Kyrgyz Republic in 2011–2013. The number of plants and stems per square unit was investigated depending on nutrition background (factor A) and different cultivars of early potato (factor B). On factor A (cultivar) we studied three cultivars Marabel, Molly, Vineta. On factor B (nutrition background) we studied five variants of fertilization: without fertilization (control) and calculated doses for the yields of 20, 25, 30, and 35 t/ha. Increasing of fertilizer dose caused yield increasing of early potato. The yield of early cultivar Marabel in the control variant (without fertilizer) was 17.16 t/ha, applying fertilizer for plan yield 20 t/ha enabled to get 22.04 t/ha, for plan yield 25 t/ha – 25.97 t/ha, for 30 t/ha – 27.91 t/ha, and for 35 t/ha –31.26 t/ha. The yield of middle-early cultivar Molly was 15.80, 17.90, 22.37, 27.28, and 30.44 t/ha, and the yield of middle cultivar Vineta was 17.65, 19.86, 24.57, 25.80, and 28.78 t/ha respectively. Over the years of research the yield closed to the plan one was obtained for cultivar Marabel at the variants with the calculated fertilizer doses for plan yields of 20 and 25 t/ha, plan yields for cultivars Molly and Vineta were not provided. Optimal weather conditions and applying fertilizers in correct doses calculated by balance method for plan yield enables to get 25–30 t/ha potato tubes of cultivar Marabel.
Keywords: early potato, cultivar, nutrition background, planting density, stem, growth, development, yield.
