Annotation

The objective of the study was to improve the design of the operating element of chisel plow and to determine criteria for assessment of the operating quality for deep tillage: the depth of loosening, total area of loosening soil, the distribution of loosening zone in soil depth, and power-intensity. A hypothesis that the form, location and slope for elements of system of deformers influence on the dimension and form of soil destruction region was accepted. To test it a mounted chisel plow of ÃÍ×-0,6Ó type was improved. Draught resistance of the improved chisel plow at the operating depths of 50 and 60 cm and the slope angles of soil raiser of operating element 40°, 50° and 60° varied from 2.1 to 3.0 kN, which is less by 20-30 % against to the most common subsoiler ÐÃ-0,8. In order to test the working hypothesis three schemes of layout of the system of deformers ÃÍ×-0,6Ó was studied: without changes in geometrical parameters; with additional soil raisers and with the soil raisers of new design. The optimal loosening zone was marked at the variant with the soil raisers of new design, which were situated at the extreme low point of operating element of chisel plow. A number of tests carried out to determine optimal thickness of an intrasoil wall makes it possible to conclude that it has to be about 30-35 cm by the surface. So, the distance between longitudinal axes of the chisel plow operating element has to be 110-115 cm. The decrease of this interaxis distance results in critically thin wall when cutting of which undesirable destructive deformations occur. Such wall thickness is not enough for long filtration and retention of moisture saturated loosed part of soil. Increase in the inter-axis distance of chisel plow racks promotes sizeable increase in thickness of an intrasoil wall that negatively influences on ratio of efficient (useful) volume for moisture saturated area to the volume of overcompacted part of treated soil.