Annotation

The purpose of the work consisted in determine the content of water-soluble ions in studied soils, the identification of indicators for mineralization diagnostics. The objects of the research were zonal soils of the Volgograd region (southern chernozem, meadow-chestnut and light chestnut) and saline (solonets and hydromorphic saline soil). In the selected soil samples the analysis of a water extract by the standard method according to Ye. V. Arinushkina and by the advanced technique developed by the authors which includes the fixation of time for water extract filtration was carried out. The difference between filtration times for the soils of various genesis is revealed (for southern chernozem the duration of the first filtration was 12 times longer (264 min) than for saline soils (22 min). In the analysis the maximum time of a filtration is noted for soils most enriched with organic matter and nonsaline (the sum of water-soluble salts in southern chernozem was 0.55 meq/100 g of soil). The time of water extract filtration depends on soil productivity and the content of organic and mineral colloids. Mathematical treatment of the analysis results and big set of experiment data allow to get inverse relationship between the time of water extract filtration and the sum of soluble cations and anions in soils. The obtained relationship can be used as a quick test for determine soil saturation by soluble salts fixing only the time of water extract filtration without the analysis of soil qualitative composition. Using regression analysis enables to justify a power function describing the obtained relationship with a high correlation coefficient. By the help of obtained relationship, according to the time of water extract filtration the sum of water soluble salts in soil can be determined without using labor and time consuming analytical determination of the content of every cation and anion without reducing the accuracy of definition.