Annotation

Purpose: to determine the effect of primary tillage practices implemented in combination with the application of organic and mineral fertilizers, biopreparations and the use of renewable bioresources on the agrophysical parameters of chernozem soils. 

Materials and methods. The experiments were conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Ciscaucasia and covered three republics: Chechen, Kabardino-Balkarian and North Ossetia. The objects of research were different subtypes of chernozems. The experimental design included primary practices, the use of a biopreparation, mineral and organic fertilizers. 

Results. The plow-layer density in the arable chernozem varied within 1.17–1.41 g/cub. cm, with typical and ordinary soils being more compact. With traditional plowing, the soil density by the beginning of the growing season ranged from 1.22 to 1.33 g/cub. cm, compacting by the end of the growing season by 0.01–0.04 units. The green manure application increased the moisture content of the arable layer in all study zones by 3–4%, while the application of manure decreased it by 2–3 % of the lowest moisture capacity. With the application of organic fertilizers, the soil water stability aggregates by the end of the growing season in typical chernozems decreased by 2.1–3.9 %, in ordinary chernozems by 2.2–3.6 %, and in leached chernozems by 2.9–3.8 %. 

Conclusions. Chisel tillage, which ensures deep loosening and soil aeration, reduced the soil bulk density in all study zones. Surface tillage ensured the formation of the greatest arable plow-layer density. The green manure application or the manure application reduced the soil density in all study zones by the time of spring sowing by 0.03–0.07 g/cub. cm. The combined use of organic fertilizers, mineral fertilizers, and disking as primary tillage can mitigate the negative effects of dry periods; soil moisture can be maintained at or above the capillary rupture point. The maximum water stability of soil aggregates was achieved when disking was used as primary tillage, along with the application of green manure or manure. 

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-3-242-263

For quoting

Elmurzaeva F. D., Mustaev M. M., Gaplaev M. Sh., Kozyrev A. Кh., Sulipova D. A. The influence of primary tillage, chemical and biological means on the agrophysical parameters of chernozem soils in the Central Ciscaucasia. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2026;16(3):242–263. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2026-16-3-242-263.

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