Purpose: to analyze changes in indicators of the structural-aggregate composition and water stability of aggregates in the arable layer of ordinary chernozems in flax crops sown after winter wheat on the south-eastern slope of an experimental station, with various primary tillage practices: chisel plowing, combined and moldboard cultivation.
Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in the Rostov region. Generally accepted methods were used: determination of the soil structure according to Savvinov, water-stable aggregates according to Baksheev, statistical processing of experimental data according to B. A. Dospekhov.
Results. It was determined that tillage methods have a more pronounced effect on soil structure towards the end of the flax growing season, and on soil water stability in the initial period, which is confirmed by a statistically significant difference of 2.3 and 1.6 %, respectively, between the combined and moldboard tillage. By the stage of full flax seed maturity, the differences in water stability values between the variants level out. By the end of the oil flax growing season, all tillage methods result in a deterioration of the soil structure by up to 6–8 %, as well as a significant decrease in the water stability of aggregates under all tillage methods (up to 13 %), which is associated with soil compaction.
Conclusions. It was determined that combined primary tillage is the most preferable method for maintaining the optimal structure and water stability of aggregates in the arable layer of ordinary chernozems under oil flax crops. A higher soil structure and water stability (up to 37 %) were found in wet years under all tillage methods, with no-till and, to a greater extent, combined tillage having the most beneficial effect on the soil physical properties, ensuring an optimal ratio of aggregates and their water stability due to more uniform moisture redistribution and optimization of the soil air-water regime.
doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-221-240
structural condition, water stability, topsoil, ordinary chernozem, primary tillage methods, oil flax, Rostov Region
Ilyinskaya I. N., Mishchenko A. V. Structure and water stability of ordinary chernozems under different tillage practices in oil flax crops on a slope. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2025;15(4):221–240. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-221-240.
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Funding source: federally funded subsidies for the implementation of State Assignment on scientific theme No. FNFZ-2022-0003.
