Purpose: to study the development features of early-ripening medium-fiber cotton varieties under irrigation in Rostov region.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on irrigated lands in the Oktyabrsky district Rostov region over a period of three years. The experiments involved early-ripening cotton varieties of Volgograd, Stavropol and Tajik selection: PGSSH 1 and S6465, Phoenix and Favorit, Gissar. Biometric and phenological observations, and yield recordings were carried out using generally accepted methods.
Results. The studies showed that the Phoenix and Favorit varieties had the best seed germination – 88.0 and 90.3 %. Among the cotton varieties, the longest growing season was observed in the Gissar variety – 156 days on average over three years. The PGSSKh 1 and Phoenix varieties matured the fastest, with 143 and 145 days of vegetation respectively. Linear plant growth and leaf area duration were highest for the control variety PGSSKh 1 – 101.5 cm and 21,300 sq. m/ha, respectively, during the ripening period. The Phoenix variety had the highest dry biomass of cotton plants – 6.86 t/ha at the ripening stage. Cotton variety productivity ranged from 0.71 t/ha for the S6465 variety to 1.73 t/ha for the Phoenix variety.
Conclusions. The Phoenix and Favorit varieties, from Stavropol, proved to be the most productive, with average yields of 1.73 and 1.42 t/ha over three years, respectively, and 2.69 and 2.24 t/ha, respectively, in 2024, the best year for agroclimatic indicators. Based on economically valuable traits, the Phoenix and Favorit varieties had the highest seed cotton weight per boll – 5.31 and 5.29 g, respectively. The Favorit variety had the highest fiber yield – 38.9 %, and the Phoenix variety had the highest 1,000-seed weight – 108.4 g.
doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-1-17
cotton plant, variety, development period, irrigation, dry biomass, leaf area duration, yield, raw cotton
Balakay G. T., Yurkova R. Ye., Selitskiy S. A., Andreeva T. P. Features of development and productivity of cotton varieties under irrigation in the Rostov region. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2025;15(4):1–17. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2025-15-4-1-17.
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Funding source: subsidies for the implementation of State Assignment No. 082-00062-25-00 are from the federal budget.
