Annotation

Purpose: to analyze literary sources and determine the features of the cotton cultivation technological process. 

Discussion. The technology for cotton cultivation is determined by the biological properties of this crop and its requirements for the soil, as well as the specifics and originality of crop rotations. Based on an analysis of research by scientists involved in cotton growing, the best predecessors – legumes and leguminous crops – were stated, the positive effect of mineral fertilizers on cotton productivity was determined, the technology of soil cultivation and its impact on cotton productivity and water consumption was examined. The necessity of using early ripening cotton cultivars for the southern regions of Russia due to the biological properties of which a sufficient amount of effective temperatures is required, is substantiated. An analysis of existing methods of seed delinting (denudation, cleaning from fiber) is given to improve flowability, maintain an accurate seeding rate, etc. Sowing methods and optimal seeding rates for different types of cotton are considered. Providing plants with moisture is of decisive importance among other components of cultivation technology. In this regard, the existing methods of cotton irrigation are analyzed. One of the important techniques that ensures a higher yield is to mint plants to redistribute nutrients to the already formed fruit. The specificity of harvesting which is carried out in several stages as the boxes open – in the pre-frost and post-frost periods is noted. 

Conclusions. There is a possibility of cultivating cotton in the south of Russia by introducing the properly selected varieties with the development of agricultural technology for cultivating this crop for local agroclimatic conditions, including the creation of a set of measures to meet the crop’s needs for nutrition, moisture and provide plant protection from diseases, pests and weed control.

doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2024-14-2-156-185

For quoting

Masnyi R. S., Balakay G. T., Yurkova R. Ye., Selitskiy S. A. Features of cotton technology cultivation on irrigated lands. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2024;14(2):156–185. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2024-14-2-156-185.

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