Purpose: to characterize the studied varieties by a complex of economically valuable traits and to assess their adaptability to the cultivation zone during irrigation.
Materials and methods: 14 potato varieties of domestic selection are being tested under irrigation conditions at the experimental plot of the Volgagrad region. The varieties studied were: the early maturity group Udacha, Gulliver, Meteor, Krepysh; mid-early Ariel, Armada, Commandor, Mechta and mid-season Krasa Meshchery, Vympel, Mirazh, Fritella, Favorit. The Zhukovsky early ripening variety, belonging to the early maturity group, was taken as the standard.
Results: according to the phenological observations data, the varieties of the early-maturing group ripened in 78 days; only one variety Krepysh had a vegetation period of 85 days. In plants of the mid-early and mid-season groups, as compared with the early-maturing, the growing season was 7–11 days longer. The varieties Zhukovsky ranniy (early), Komandor, Udacha, Gulliver, Ariel, Mirazh, Krepysh had the maximum mass of tubers by mid-August – from 675 to 480 g, in other varieties it was slightly less and varied from 340 to 290 g. The Zhukovsky ranniy (early) variety had the maximum yield of 50,4 t/ha, and the variety Favorit (mid-season) had the minimum yield was of 19.8 t/ha. Mid-season varieties have accumulated significantly more starch (18.12; 17.39; 16.34; 14.10 % – Fritella, Krasa Meshchery, Vympel, Mirazh) in comparison with early varieties (14.92; 14.01; 13.49; 11.87; 11.66 % – Udacha, Gulliver, Zhukovsky ranniy (early), Krepysh, Meteor).
Conclusions: in terms of developing the tubers yield, all varieties passing the ecological-geographical test did not exceed the standard variety Zhukovsky ranniy (early), the total yield of which was 50.4 t/ha. The varieties Commandor, Udacha, Gulliver, Ariel, Mirazh, Armada, Krepysh, Vympel, Krasa Meshchery are inferior by 6.4–16.5 t/ha.
doi: 10.31774/2712-9357-2022-12-1-34-48
potatoes, variety, comprehensive assessment, adaptability, maturity group, yield, plant disease and pests resistance
Gichenkova O. G., Rodin K. A., Novikov A. A., Laptina Yu. A., Kulikova N. A. Ecological and geographical assessment of potato varieties of domestic selection on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region. Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering. 2022;12(1):34–48. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2022-12-1-34-48.
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