Purpose: to study the effect of the desalinator “Biosolvent” on the processes of soil desalinization during the washing and vegetative irrigation.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Syrdarya region of Uzbekistan at experimental sites. The objects of research are saline soils of irrigated fields under cotton. Field observations and soil analyzes were carried out according to generally accepted methods: granulometric composition – by sedimentation method, salinization – by electrical conductivity and water extract, phenological observations – by the SoyuzNIKHI method. Statistical processing was performed in Excel.
Results: when spraying soil of strong and medium salinity with 10% Biosolvent preparation before washing and watering cotton, the leaching of ions toxic to plants is higher compared to conventional washing, more harmful ions are washed out: chlorine by 35–42 %, sulfates by 13–16 %, calcium by 21–28 %, sodium by 21–23 %. When treating the surface of furrows with a 10% solution before watering cotton, a more significant decrease in the content of harmful salts was also found than with conventional irrigation. Salts were washed out along the treated furrows by 18–23 % more, and chlorine, sulfate and calcium ions, respectively, by 17, 18 and 14 %. As a result of improved conditions in the root zone of cotton, an increase in yield of 7.5 c/ha was obtained.
Conclusions. To increase the efficiency of washing saline soils and regulate the salinity of the root layer of soil during the growing season, it is advisable to apply preliminary spraying of the soil with a 10% solution of the “Biosolvent” preparation. The use of Biosolvent in comparison with traditional technologies contributes not only to a decrease in soil salinity, positive changes in chemical composition of salts in the soil, but also to an increase in cotton yield.
doi: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-1-24-46
soil salinization, land desalination, vegetative irrigation, leaching of salts, “Biosolvent” preparation, cotton yield
Sadiev F. F., Shirokova Yu. I., Paluashova G. K. Study of the reclamed effect of the “Biosolvent” preparation on alcaline soils when washing and irrigating // Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems [Electronic resource]. 2021. Vol. 11, no. 1. P. 24–46. URL: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/article?n=1176 (date of access: 16.02.2021). doi: 10.31774/2222-1816-2021-11-1-24-46.
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