Annotation

Purpose: substantiation of soil water regime while growing planting material for Kodryanka grapes, which ensures maximum survivability of grape cuttings and the yield of standard seedlings while saving all types of resources.
Materials and methods. Cuttings were planted in an earthen ridge (technology A) and a furrow (technology B), drip irrigation – according to three options with a differentiated threshold and a depth of moistening at 80 % minimum water capacity in a layer of 0.0–0.6 m (A1), 80–70 % of minimum water capacity (А2) in the layer of 0.4–0.6 m and 90–70 % of minimum water capacity in the same layer (A3). Fertilizer schemes – the main application of P60K60 into the soil with six-fold fertigation with nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (V1), soaking of cuttings in the root formation stimulator (V2), foliage applications (V3).
Results. When planting cuttings in ridges (technology A) with the application of mineral fertilizers, drip application at the level of 80 % of minimum water capacity in a layer of 0.0–0.6 m, fertigation N120Р30, the total water consumption of the grape nursery garden was 5457 m³ per ha with an irrigation rate of 3430 m³ per ha, the survivability of grape cuttings is 63.6 % with a yield of standard seedlings of 34.2 %. The application of differentiated irrigation depths of 0.0–0.4 and 0.0–0.6 m and an increase in the pre-irrigation soil moisture threshold to 90 % of minimum water capacity against the background of the application of Ruter Bio and Reasil contributed to an increase in total water consumption to 6127 m³ per ha with a norm of 4100 m³ per ha and increase the survivability of grape cuttings to 82.4 % with the yield of standard seedlings at the level of 62.2 %. When planting cuttings in ridges (technology B) with drip irrigation at the level of 80 % of minimum water capacity in a layer of 0.0–0.6 m and the basic level of fertigation, the total water consumption in the nursery garden was 5287 m³ per ha with an irrigation rate of 3260 m³ per ha, the survival rate of grape cuttings was 67.1 % with an yield of standard seedlings of 38.5 %.
Conclusions. The increase of soil moisture threshold to 90 % of minimum water capacity in the initial period of growth and applying the differentiated depth of the moistened soil layer (technology B) using agrochemicals ensured the survivability of grape cuttings at 84.1 % with a yield of standard seedlings of 63.3 %.

DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2020-2-88-104

For quoting

Water consumption of vine nursery garden at different planting technologies / A. S. Ovchinnikov, S. M. Grigorov, M. V. Ratanov, D. A. Keller // Scientific Journal of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems [Electronic resource]. – 2020. – № 2(38). – P. 88–104. – Mode of access: http:www.rosniipm-sm.ru/en/archive?n=649&id=655. – DOI: 10.31774/2222-1816-2020-2-88-104.

Bibliography

1 O perspektivakh razvitiya vinogradarstva i vinodeliya. Stenogramma pravitel'stvennogo soveshchaniya [On the prospects for the development of viticulture and wine production. Transcript of the government meeting 05.27.2014], available: http:government.ru/news/12654/# [accessed 2020]. (In Russian).

2 Kozlov D.V., Sukharev Yu.I., Borodychev S.V., Gurenko V.M., Borodychev V.V., Saldaev A.M., 2009. Sposob vyrashchivaniya kornesobstvennykh sazhentsev vinograda i mashina dlya ego osushchestvleniya [Method of Growing Grape Root Seedlings and a Machine for its Implementation]. Patent RF, no. 2411716. (In Russian).

3 Zvolinsky V.P., Starikova I.A., Saldaev A.M., Bogosor’yanskaya L.V., 2011. Sposob vyrashchivaniya kornesobstvennykh sazhentsev vinograda [Method of Growing Vine Root Seedlings]. Patent RF, no. 2415560. (In Russian).

4 Kruzhilin I.P., Kurapina N.V., Gusev D.E., 2008. Elementy tekhnologii vyrashchivaniya sazhentsev vinograda pri kapel'nom oroshenii [The technology elements of growing grape seedlings at drip irrigation.]. Prirodoobustroystvo [Environmental Engineering], no. 3, pp. 25-29. (In Russian).

5 Okolelova A.A., Egorova G.S., Zheltobryukhov V.F., Rakhimova N.A., 2015. Khimicheskie svoystva pochv UNPTS “Gornaya Polyana” [Chemical properties of soils ERPC “Gornaya Polyana”]. Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa: nauka i vysshee professional'noe obrazovanie [Bull. of Nizhnevolzhsky Agricultural University Complex: Science and Higher Professional Education], no. 2(38), pp. 69-72. (In Russian).

6 Kruzhilin I.P., Khodyakov E.A., Kruzhilin Yu.I., 2001. Otsenka polivnykh rezhimov tomatov pri kapel'nom oroshenii [Assessment of irrigation regimes of tomatoes during drip irrigation]. Biosferosovmestimye i sredozashchitnye tekhnologii pri vzaimodeystvii cheloveka i okruzhayushchey sredy: sb. materialov mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Biosphere-compatible and environment-protective technologies in the interaction of humans and the environment: Proc. of International Scientific-Practical Conference]. Penza, pp. 91-93. (In Russian).

7 Yasonidi O.E., 1996. Oroshenie zemel' chastnogo zemlepol'zovaniya v usloviyakh defitsita vody [Irrigation of lands of private land use under the conditions of water scarcity]. Ekologicheskie aspekty ekspluatatsii gidromeliorativnykh sistem i ispol'zovaniya oroshaemykh zemel'. Okhrana prirody i kompleksnoe ispol'zovanie vodnykh resursov: sb. materialov vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Ecological aspects of operation of irrigation and drainage systems and the use of irrigated lands. Pt. 4. Environmental Protection and Integrated Use of Water Resources: Proc. Scientific-Practical Conference]. NIMI, Novocherkassk, pp. 91-94. (In Russian).

8 GOST 31783-2012. Posadochnyy material vinograda (sazhentsy) [Grape Seedlings]. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2013, 12 p. (In Russian).

9 Gusev D.E., 2013. Rezhim kapel'nogo orosheniya i priemy vyrashchivaniya sazhentsev vinograda na kashtanovykh pochvakh Privolzhskoy vozvyshennosti. Avtoreferat diss. kand. s.-kh. nauk [Drip irrigation regime and methods for growing grape seedlings on chestnut soils of the Volga Upland. Abstract of cand. agri. sci. diss.]. Volgograd, 22 p. (In Russian).

10 Borodychev S.V., Gurenko V.M., Mayer A.V., 2016. Effektivnost' kombinirovannogo orosheniya pri vyrashchivanii elitnykh sazhentsev vinograda v usloviyakh kontinental'nogo klimata [Efficiency of combined irrigation during the cultivation of elite grape seedlings in a continental climate]. Sovremennye energo- i resursosberegayushchie ekologicheski ustoychivye tekhnologii i sistemy sel'skokhozyaystvennogo proizvodstva: sb. nauch. tr. [Modern energy- and resource-saving environmentally sustainable technologies and agricultural production systems: Proc.]. Ryazan’, RGATU Publ., iss. 12, pp. 13-16. (In Russian).

11 Dutova A.V., 2012. Rezhim orosheniya i dozy mineral'nykh udobreniy vinogradnykh shkolok v usloviyakh Nizhnego Dona. Avtoreferat diss. kand. s.-kh. nauk [Irrigation regime and doses of mineral fertilizers of grape nursery gardens under the conditions of the Lower Don. Abstract of cand. agri. sci. diss.]. Novocherkassk, 24 p. (In Russian).

12 Malykh G.P., Magomadov A.S., Maistrenko T.A., Titova L.A., 2017. Uskorenie protsessa korneobrazovaniya u ukorochennykh cherenkov i ego vliyanie na kachestvo sazhentsev vinograda [The acceleration of the process of root formation in cuttings shortened and its impact on the quality and yield of grape seedlings]. Vinodelie i vinogradarstvo [Viticulture and Wine-Making], no. 3, pp. 34-38. (In Russian).

13 Caseres R., Casadesus J., Marfa O., 2007. Adaptation of an automatic irrigation-control tray system for outdoor nurseries. Biosystems Engineering, vol. 96, iss. 3, Mar., pp. 419-425, DOI: https:doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2006.12.002.

14 Irmak S., Haman D.Z., Irmak A., Jones J.W., Campbell K.L., Yeager T.H., 2003. New irrigation-plant production system for water conservation in ornamental nurseries: quantification and evaluation of irrigation, runoff, plant biomass, and irrigation efficiencies. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, vol. 19(6), pp. 651-655, DOI: 10.13031/2013.15661.